Conditions Treated with BMT
Transplantation of Bone Marrow, also termed as Stem Cell Transplant is a complex process where the damaged or infected bone is replaced by healthy ones. This process is implemented once the patient has been treated with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment. Bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue within the bones which produce cells together with white and red blood cells along with platelets. Cells within the bone marrow normally generate the blood cells which are termed as stem cells. When this bone gets injured it is no longer capable of producing these red and white blood cells. As a result, you may experience some severe consequences like infections, weakness, anemia, excessive bleeding and may be even death.
Stem Cell Transplants or Bone Marrow permit doctors to cure cancer with high chemotherapy as it allows replacing the cells of bone marrow which get destroyed during the treatment. Diseases that can be and so far have been successfully treated with the help of transplantation of bone marrow are solid tumors, leukemia, multiple myeloma and lymphoma which are included under malignant conditions. Diseases like Thalassemia, Sickle Cell Anemia and Aplastic Anemia are known as Non- malignant conditions.
Malignant Condition is the tendency of a medical condition mainly tumors that progressively get worse and potentially result in death. Malignancy is mostly characterized as cancer. It is also characterized by invasiveness, anaplasia and metastasis. Malignant disease like acute Lymphoblastic leukemia is a severe kind of blood cancer which is found least in adults. It starts generating in the white blood cells within the bone marrow that is the softer parts of the bones. It is named as acute for the reason that it has the ability to progress and spread quickly all over the body. Its occurrence depends largely on the factors like your age- usually younger patients tend to catch this disease quickly, an individual’s subtype of ALL; it also depends on whether you have a chromosome abnormality known as Philadelphia chromosome along with your reaction to chemotherapy. ALL can result with multiplicity of symptoms because of shortage in normal count of blood cells which include regular fever, Loss of appetite, night sweats, fatigue and generalized weakness, pain in bones and joints and breathlessness.
Non Malignant Conditions like Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Anemia can also be treated with the help of bone marrow treatment. Sickle Cell Anemia is a group of inherited red blood cell disorders that are hard and sticky and has a shape like “C” which is incapable o9f carrying sufficient oxygen around the various parts of the body. They are best in clotting the blood flow and can cause pain and many other severe infections and problems along with acute chest syndrome. This disease generally being a genetic disorder is commonly resulted by an autosomal recessive solo gene fault in the chain of B- Globin. It is also caused in Individuals that are homozygous for this sickle cell hemoglobin and have a collection of symptoms and signs, is also characterized as sickle cell anemia. This can only be cured by the treatment of bone marrow transplant and can be diagnosed with a simple regular blood test. It can also be diagnosed before the birth of a baby as children with SCD are at high risk of getting this infection.
Patients suffering with malignant or non-malignant disorders can be cured by autologous or allogeneic stem cell or bone marrow transplantation and can be treated largely if the infection is diagnosed and started with treatment as early as possible.
